Sugar can also be called sucrose; The scientific name for sugar. Sugar is a disaccharide, made up of two simple sugar units (monosaccharides), glucose and fructose.

Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Sugar is an umbrella term for many types of simple carbohydrates, including white table sugar. Also called sucrose, this is the most common sweetener used in sweet desserts and baked goods.